Reproductive and Phenotypic Performance of Hybrid Crosses Between GIFT and Red Tilapia Strains
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2543.045Keywords:
Hybridisation, Reproductive performance, Phenotypic traits, Colour expression, Genetic improvement, CrossbreedingAbstract
The reproductive and hybrid potentials of hybrids derived from a partial diallel cross between GIFT (Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia) and Red Tilapia strains were evaluated. A partial diallel cross was initiated to produce a strain of tilapia with commercial appeal because of its inherited reddish coloration and superior growth rate with efficient feed conversion of GIFT tilapia. Broodstock of GIFT and Red tilapia were selected by size, maturity, and colour traits Four mating combinations of R × G (Red ♂ × GIFT ♀), G × R, R × R, G × G were paired in triplicate and placed in the hapas (1 × 1.5 × 1 m) that was placed in 10 m² earthen ponds at a 1:3 (male x female) ratio. Four mating cycles were carried out at the time when swim-up fry were recorded. Total fry counts were analysed by one-way ANOVA (Duncan’s test, p ≤ 0.05). The expressed phenotype of: Red, Spotted Red, Wild, and Mixed colouration was recorded and descriptively compared. The highest number of fry was recorded in the pure strain (G × G and R × R: 161.5 ± 0.06–1.71 fry), followed by R × G (156.75 ± 0.13–0.30) and G × R (153.25 ± 0.28–0.43) (p < 0.05). The purebred bred true while the hybrids produced phenotypes: R × G (63 Red, 26.3 Spotted, 45.5 Wild, 22.8 Mixed) and G × R (36.5 Red, 25.3 Spotted, 72 Wild and 19 Mixed colouration), this infers additive gene action with sex-linked effect G × R hybrids exhibited hybrid vigor for early fry growth but reduced reproductive output, making them suitable for grow-out systems, whereas pure lines are vital for consistent seed supply and uniform colour.
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