Anaerobic Germination Tolerance in Selected African Rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.) Accessions: Physiology, Carbohydrate Quantification and Identification of AG1 Gene
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2651.032Keywords:
Rice;, Anaerobic germination, Coleoptiles, Survival rate, AG1geneAbstract
Anaerobic germination (AG) tolerance is one of the most important agronomic traits in rice cultivation in both rainfed and irrigated ecosystems, especially in direct-seeded rice (DSR). In this study, we assessed seven (7) rice accessions under anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic conditions. A complete Randomized Design (CRD) was used with three replications in all treatment, 30 imbibed seeds (4°C, 2 days) in 50ml vials of anoxic water and the lid was closed tightly and kept in the dark for 7 day and the coleoptile length of all seedlings was measured and recorded using meter rule. For anaerobic germination, 30 seeds of each accession were sown on a tray with 1.5cm of soil and overlaid with 0.5cm of soil. The next day, the imbibed seeds were sown under the soil (2cm depth). Trays were submerged under 10cm submergence chamber with daily adjustment. Germination was scored when coleoptiles reached≥1 mm. Survival was scored after 14 days, and control germination was performed in air. The Landraces (LR) showed a higher survival rate (72.22 ±10.72a), rapid coleoptile elongation (18.22±2.11a) and higher carbohydrate status (5.38±2.69a) compared to the Release Accessions (RA), survival rate (26.67±12.02b), P = 0.008, coleoptile elongation (5.01±2.74b), P = 0.002, and Carbohydrate (1.05±0.14b) P=0.049. Carbohydrate status was strongly positively correlated to coleoptile r=1 in both LR and RA, and strongly correlated to survival rate (LR=0.70) (RA=0.89). The molecular analysis revealed the putative presence of the AG1 gene in the landraces. Therefore, we can deduce that landraces could serve as promising resources for improving AG tolerance in rice, particularly for cultivation in flood-prone areas to enhance food security in the the face of climate change.
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