Optimization of Culture Condition in the Production of Bioenzymes by Bacteria Isolated from Poultry Waste in Sokoto State, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.1942.004Keywords:
poultry wastes, cellulase, Banana peels, Bacteria, EnzymesAbstract
Poultry wastes obtained from a poultry farm in Sokoto metropolis were analyzed for cellulose-producing bacteria. Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus laterosporus, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens isolated were screened for their ability to produce cellulase enzyme. All the isolates showed cellulose activity by exhibiting a wide halo on carboxymethylcellulase (CMC) medium. The fermentation process was optimized using the following parameters: inoculum size, pH, substrate concentration, temperature, and incubation periods. Cellulase activity was determined using the DNS method. Banana peels were used as a substrate for the production of the enzymes, and this was analyzed with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Cellulase enzyme was produced at inoculum sizes of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%; pH levels of 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11; substrate concentrations of 1 g, 2 g, 3 g, 4 g, and 5 g; and temperatures of 35°C, 45°C, 55°C, 65°C, and 75°C, for 1, 2, 3, and 5 days, respectively. Bacillus laterosporus recorded the highest cellulase activity of 0.37 mg/ml at a 5% substrate concentration among all the isolates, while Bacillus amyloliquefaciens recorded the highest cellulose production at pH 3 with 45 mg/ml. Bacillus laterosporus recorded the highest activity of cellulose production with 0.71 mg/ml. Temperature was also studied in cellulose production, and Bacillus laterosporus showed the highest activity at 75°C with an activity of 0.66 mg/ml. This study showed that Bacillus laterosporus was the best cellulase-producing bacteria among all the isolates.
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